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This study examines the role of consumer technology paradoxeswithin the context of self-service technology and the routes bywhich these paradoxes influence customer satisfaction evaluation.Analysis of survey data from online banki...
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This study examines the role of consumer technology paradoxeswithin the context of self-service technology and the routes bywhich these paradoxes influence customer satisfaction evaluation.Analysis of survey data from online banking customers indicatesthat three paradoxes operate in this context: control/chaos, fulfillneeds/create needs, and freedom/enslavement. The study reveals fur-ther that the effects ofthese paradoxes on customer satisfaction aremediated by consumer performance ambiguity and consumer trustin technology. Theoretical and managerial implications of consumerparadoxical experiences for technology-based services are discussed.
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Choking under pressure is a pejorative colloquial term (Clark, Tofler, & Lardon,2005) used to describe a sub-optimal sporting performance under stressfulconditions. In order to prevent its occurrence and enable performers to achievetheir potential under pressure, a full understanding of the phenomenon isnecessary. By reviewing critically the contemporary research, the aim of the paperis to examine the suggested mechanisms and potential moderators of choking insport, and consider the interventions designed to alleviate it. In addition, theconceptual and methodological concerns that exist within the choking literaturewill be presented, and directions for future research that address such concernswill be recommended....
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Choking under pressure is a pejorative colloquial term (Clark, Tofler, & Lardon,2005) used to describe a sub-optimal sporting performance under stressfulconditions. In order to prevent its occurrence and enable performers to achievetheir potential under pressure, a full understanding of the phenomenon isnecessary. By reviewing critically the contemporary research, the aim of the paperis to examine the suggested mechanisms and potential moderators of choking insport, and consider the interventions designed to alleviate it. In addition, theconceptual and methodological concerns that exist within the choking literaturewill be presented, and directions for future research that address such concernswill be recommended.
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In sport, choking under pressure is a negative athletic experience that may have psychologically damaging effects. The media recognizes that choking is a dramatic drop in performance, whereas researchers have labeled choking as an...
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In sport, choking under pressure is a negative athletic experience that may have psychologically damaging effects. The media recognizes that choking is a dramatic drop in performance, whereas researchers have labeled choking as any decrease in performance under pressure. This discrepancy between the media's and researchers' perception of choking leads to ambiguity among terms and confusion among researchers, applied practitioners, and the general public. Thus, the current position paper will: critically analyze current choking definitions and explore why they are not appropriate operational definitions; explain the current underperformance and choking terminology debate; offer an alternative choking definition that should be debated; and also identify ways that researchers can improve the robustness of choking investigations. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate debate and improve the quality of future choking research.
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This article investigates whether the recently established new public management reforms in Germany are coherent, that is, do they confront the individual researchers with unambiguously expressed expectations about their task prof...
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This article investigates whether the recently established new public management reforms in Germany are coherent, that is, do they confront the individual researchers with unambiguously expressed expectations about their task profile? Using a large micro-dataset from four different disciplines, we show that an institutionalised state science conflict may exist, where the state authorities use their powers to push the researchers in a transfer-oriented direction, while the science managers (e.g. deans) urge them instead to cut down transfer and increase publication activities, measured by bibliometric data.
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Purpose Extant paradox theory suggests that adopting paradoxical frames, which are mental templates adopted by individuals in order to embrace contradictions, will result in superior firm performance. Superior performance is achie...
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Purpose Extant paradox theory suggests that adopting paradoxical frames, which are mental templates adopted by individuals in order to embrace contradictions, will result in superior firm performance. Superior performance is achieved through learning and creativity, fostering flexibility and resilience and unleashing human capital. The creativity mechanism of paradox theory is limited by a few propositions and a rough underlying theoretical logic. Using the extant theoretical base as a platform, the paper aims to develop a more powerful theory using a computational simulation. Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on a psychologically realistic computer simulation. Using a simulation to generate ideas from stored information, one can model and manipulate the parameters that have been shown to mediate the relationship between paradoxes and creative output - defined as the number of creative ideas generated. Findings Simulation results suggest that the relationship between paradoxical frames and creative output is non-monotonic - contrary to previous studies. Indeed, findings suggest that paradoxical frames can reduce, rather than enhance, creative output, in at least some cases. Originality/value An important benefit of adopting paradoxical frames is their capacity to increase creative output. This assumption is challenging to test, because one cannot measure private cognitive processes related to knowledge creation. However, they can be simulated. This allows for the extension of current theory. This new theory depicts a more complete relationship between paradoxical frames and creativity by accounting for subjective differences in how paradoxical frames are experienced along two cognitive mechanisms - differentiation and integration.
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The aim of the study was to explore choking in sport and examine specifically, the moderating influence of physiological stress. Through a pragmatic mixed-methods approach, 40 novice golfers completed a low intensity (LI; 90% gas ...
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The aim of the study was to explore choking in sport and examine specifically, the moderating influence of physiological stress. Through a pragmatic mixed-methods approach, 40 novice golfers completed a low intensity (LI; 90% gas exchange threshold) and high intensity (HI; 100% VO_2 max) exercise task, followed by a golf putting task under high (HP) and low pressure (LP). Performance scores were investigated using a two-way (2 x 2) Pressure by Intensity repeated measures ANOVA, and the difference between LP and HP performance scores of each participant (after LI and HI) was calculated to identify individuals who choked. Five participants experienced choking and completed individual semi-structured interviews which explored the event and the perceived moderating role of physiological stress. The study found the influence of physiological stress on choking in sport was insignificant, yet has provided further insights into its antecedents, mechanisms, consequences and other potential moderators.
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Purpose - In recent years, "servitization" has been studied extensively; however, as studies of the impact of servitization on firm performance offer mixed results, the conditions under which the relationship between servitization...
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Purpose - In recent years, "servitization" has been studied extensively; however, as studies of the impact of servitization on firm performance offer mixed results, the conditions under which the relationship between servitization and performance becomes more significant are contested in the literature. These mixed results have led to the term "service paradox." The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - This study investigates servitization in the assembly industry based on a multi-country survey covering 539 industry plants in 22 countries. Findings - The study contributes to the research on servitization by adding a contextual perspective to this relationship, taking into account level of development of the country in which a firm is located. Besides confirming the correlation between the servitization and performance, our study unveils a counter-intuitive result: a medium level of development of the country in which a firm is based corresponds to a stronger relationship between servitization and firm performance, whereas higher levels of development seem to diminish the increase in performance. Social implications - This study balances out the focus in servitization on advanced economies and help to unveil its benefits in developing countries. Fostering servitization in developing economies can lead to social impact resulting from job shifts from manufacturing to service and the correlated implications for workers' training and higher motivation experienced in service-based jobs. Originality/value - Our study unpacks the "service paradox" and indicates that industry plants in developing countries can still harness the benefits of being first-movers, whereas, in developed countries, servitization may have become an order qualifier rather than a factor of differentiation.
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The idea that performance indicators in public management have unintended consequences is almost as old as performance measurement itself. But, is 'unintended consequences' an appropriate and insightful idea? The very term rests o...
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The idea that performance indicators in public management have unintended consequences is almost as old as performance measurement itself. But, is 'unintended consequences' an appropriate and insightful idea? The very term rests on an identification of intentions and assumptions about validity that are demonstrably problematic. Based on a distinction between trivial and advanced measure fixation, an argument is made for constitutive effects that are based on less problematic assumptions. Through this conceptual move, the political dimension of performance indicators is appreciated. The conceptual dimensions of constitutive effects are carved out, empirical illustrations of their applicability are offered and implications discussed.
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Although simulation training improves post-training performance, it is unclear how well performance soon after simulation training predicts longer term outcomes (i.e., learning). Here our objective was to assess the predictive val...
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Although simulation training improves post-training performance, it is unclear how well performance soon after simulation training predicts longer term outcomes (i.e., learning). Here our objective was to assess the predictive value of performance 1 h post-training of performance 6 weeks later. We trained 84 first year medical students a simulated case of chest pain due to aortic stenosis. They then received training on a case of acute onset dyspnea due to pulmonary embolism, after which we evaluated diagnostic performance on their trained murmur followed by novel murmur. We repeated the evaluation of diagnostic performance on the same murmurs 6 weeks later. One hour post-training 88.1 % of students identified the training murmur, compared to 60.7 % for the novel murmur. Six weeks after training the corresponding results were 89.3 and 65.5 %, respectively (p < 0.0001 for both time periods). The probability of students diagnosing their training murmur 6 weeks post-training if they diagnosed this after 1 h (positive predictive value) was 0.89 [0.87, 0.93], and the probability of misdiagnosing their trained murmur 6 weeks post-training if they misdiagnosed this after 1 h (negative predictive value) was 0.10 [0.01, 0.40]. The corresponding positive and negative predictive values for the novel murmur were 0.69 [0.55, 0.80] and 0.39 [0.24, 0.57], respectively. Students who successfully diagnosed a cardiac murmur 1 h after simulation training were very likely to recognize the same murmur 6 weeks later, suggesting that we can use performance 1 h post-training as a learning outcome.
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摘要 :
Although simulation training improves post-training performance, it is unclear how well performance soon after simulation training predicts longer term outcomes (i.e., learning). Here our objective was to assess the predictive val...
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Although simulation training improves post-training performance, it is unclear how well performance soon after simulation training predicts longer term outcomes (i.e., learning). Here our objective was to assess the predictive value of performance 1 h post-training of performance 6 weeks later. We trained 84 first year medical students a simulated case of chest pain due to aortic stenosis. They then received training on a case of acute onset dyspnea due to pulmonary embolism, after which we evaluated diagnostic performance on their trained murmur followed by novel murmur. We repeated the evaluation of diagnostic performance on the same murmurs 6 weeks later. One hour post-training 88.1 % of students identified the training murmur, compared to 60.7 % for the novel murmur. Six weeks after training the corresponding results were 89.3 and 65.5 %, respectively (p < 0.0001 for both time periods). The probability of students diagnosing their training murmur 6 weeks post-training if they diagnosed this after 1 h (positive predictive value) was 0.89 [0.87, 0.93], and the probability of misdiagnosing their trained murmur 6 weeks post-training if they misdiagnosed this after 1 h (negative predictive value) was 0.10 [0.01, 0.40]. The corresponding positive and negative predictive values for the novel murmur were 0.69 [0.55, 0.80] and 0.39 [0.24, 0.57], respectively. Students who successfully diagnosed a cardiac murmur 1 h after simulation training were very likely to recognize the same murmur 6 weeks later, suggesting that we can use performance 1 h post-training as a learning outcome.
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